Human brain
consists of an estimated 100 Billion nerve cells or neurons. Neuron communicates via an electric signal that
are short electric
impulse or spike in the cell membrane.
The transmission of the signal take
place at the synapse, which is a complex chemical process in which transmitting the substance is released from the pre-synaptic side at the synapse junction. The impact is to increase or decrease the
electric difference inside the cell body of receiving cell at post-synaptic
area.
As soon as the potential difference reaches a threshold an electric pulse of fixed strength and duration is sent to the
axon of the sending cell. This phenomenon is called cell has “fired”.
Before next fire, the cell has to wait
for some time which is called ‘Refractory period”, based on the input information
and potential threshold, the cell is ready to fire again.
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